The verb to come is one of the most common verbs expressing movement. Unlike the verb to go, which means “movement from some object,” the verb to come is responsible for “movement towards some object.” Here is a list of its lexical meanings:

In addition, the verb to come is found in a large number of set expressions and is the basis for a huge number of phrasal verbs, which are discussed below. However, first of all, you should learn the features of the grammatical forms of this verb.

Grammatical features of the verb to come

The verb to come belongs to a large and very important group of irregular verbs. The table below shows the three main forms that need to be memorized, since it is these forms that underlie many other forms of the verb to come and do not follow the rules of formation:

The verb to come belongs to number, that is, it does not use the direct and has no forms. The tense forms of the active voice of the verb to come are presented in the following table:

Set expressions with the verb to come

Phrasal verbs with the stem to come

As can be seen from the information provided, this verb has a lot of useful meanings. Try to make friends with the verb to come, and it will help you out more than once in any speech situation, be it complex or simple.

In order to express several different actions, sometimes there is no need to use many verbs, since many of them are capable of conveying different shades and states, usually expressed by prepositions. One of these words is the irregular verb come, which is one of the most common lexical units that display action. Accordingly, the forms of the verb come, as well as the maximum possible shades with it, need to be considered in more detail.

Basic characteristics of the verb

Numerous examples of expressions with come prove that this word is capable of expressing not only its main meaning - “to come, to come” - but also many others.

This structure is pronounced simply: the pronunciation of both main varieties of English (British and American) in this case is the same. The transcription will be as follows: .

This form has no modal shades, but as for the phrasal meaning, here you can find a lot of translation options, and most cases will have nothing to do with each other:

• Why did he decide to come out? –Why He decided publicly speak?
• Don't try to come up with an idea, just follow the instructions attached –Not try come up with new idea, Just follow attached instructions

Temporal verb forms

The conjugation of this verb is characterized by non-standard formation of forms; Other irregular verbs have the same feature. As in most other situations, the second and 3rd forms will not coincide, and the 3rd form of the verb is characterized by duplication of the first. More simply, you can display the entire circuit like this: come – came – come.

It is logical to assume that this action word has three main time frames: Present, Past and Future. It is worth noting that there is no special structure for the future tense; the form will remain first. The past tense forms the 2nd form of the verb – came:

• He came late yesterday, which was strange enough –Yesterday He came late, What was enough Weird
• They came last week, and tomorrow they are returning home– They arrived last week and tomorrow they plan to return home

• Has he already come along with us? –He already agreed With us?

In addition, there is a long verb form come, which is formed by adding the ending –ing:

• Is aunty coming with us? –Auntie coming With us?
• Don't open the door, they're coming – Not open door, They are coming

Interrogative sentences

This verb does not have the ability to act as an auxiliary, it can only be independent. Consequently, the rule for forming a question does not provide for the placement of this verb in the first place, as is the case with auxiliary verbs or modals. In such sentences it will come after the subject, and the first place will be taken by either an auxiliary or an additional question word:

• Did you come across him in that center? –You I stumbled on him V volume center?
• Why has Jake come? No one has invited him –Why came Jake? Nobody invited him

Negative sentences

The situation with denial is the same as with questions. Due to the fact that this lexical unit does not have an auxiliary meaning, simply adding the particle not to it will not work. In order to correctly compose a negative sentence, you need to use a suitable auxiliary verb, adding not to it:

• He didn't’ t come over us as he had a lot to do with his job– He didn’t join us because he had a lot of work-related things to do.
• Susie will not come , I suppose, so we can start without her- I guess Susie won't come, so we can start without her.

Like Phrasal verb

As already mentioned, the verb come can be part of many set expressions. Being a full-fledged phrasal verb, this structure takes on different meanings and translations depending on the preposition that is adjacent to it. Among the popular sustainable designs with this word are the following:

All these specific features make this verb a special verb with many possible meanings and the ability to be used in a wide variety of tense forms. Knowing these nuances will help you diversify your speech with various set expressions and get as close as possible to the level of a native speaker.

I’ll tell you a secret: regular and irregular verbs of the English language are the most “favorite” topic of teachers and students when studying English grammar. Fate would have it that the most popular and frequently used words in English speech were incorrect. For example, the famous phrase “to be or not to be” also contains an irregular verb. And that's the beauty of the British :)

Just take a second to imagine how wonderful it would be to add an ending -ed to main verbs and get the past tense. And now all English students are destined to take part in an exciting attraction - memorizing a convenient table of irregular verbs in the English language with translation and transcription.

1. IRREGULAR VERBS

Meet their royal majesty irregular verbs. You won’t have to rant about them for a long time. You just need to accept it and remember that each verb has its own forms. And it is almost impossible to detect any logical connection. All that remains is to put the table in front of you and learn, just as you once memorized the English alphabet.

It’s good that there are verbs where all three forms coincide and are pronounced the same (put-put-put). But there are especially harmful forms that are written as twins, but are pronounced differently (read - read - read). Just as only the best tea leaves of the best varieties are selected for a royal tea party, we have collected the most commonly used irregular verbs, arranged them alphabetically, visually conveniently arranged them in a table - we did everything to make you smile and... teach. In general, only conscientious cramming will save humanity from ignorance of English irregular verbs.

And to make memorization not so boring, you can create your own algorithms. For example, to begin with, write down all the verbs where the three forms coincide. Then those where the two forms coincide (these are the majority, by the way). Or, let’s say, today you learn words starting with the letter “b” (don’t think anything bad), and tomorrow – a different word. No limits to imagination for those in love with English!

And without leaving the cash register, we suggest you take a test on your knowledge of irregular verbs.

Table of irregular verbs in English with transcription and translation:

After this video you will love learning irregular verbs! Yo! :) ...for those who are impatient, it is advisable to watch from 38 seconds

For fans of the advanced teacher and rap lovers, we offer a backing track for a personal way of learning irregular verbs in karaoke style, and in the future, perhaps, for recording a new personal video with your teacher/teacher/class. Weak or not weak?

2. REGULAR VERBS

When the most difficult part in the form of irregular verbs is mastered (we want to believe that this is the case), you can crack the regular verbs of the English language like nuts. They are called so because they form the past tense form and participle II in exactly the same way. In order not to overload your brain once again, we’ll simply designate them as form 2 and form 3. And both of them are obtained using the ending - ed.

For example: look - looked,work - worked

2.1 And for those who like to get to the bottom of everything, you can conduct a brief educational program about the mysterious term “participle II”. Firstly, why participle? Because how else can we designate a three-headed dragon, which has the characteristics of 3 parts of speech at once: verb, adjective and adverb. Accordingly, such a form is always found WITH PARTS (at once with three).

Secondly, why II? Because there is also I . Quite logical  Only participle I has an ending -ing, and participle II has the ending -ed in regular verbs, and any ending in irregular ones ( written , built , come ).

2.2 And everything would be fine, but there are some nuances.

If the verb ends in -y, then you need an ending -ied(study - studied).
. If the verb consists of one syllable and ends in a consonant, then it is doubled (stop - stopped).
. The final consonant l is always doubled (travel -travelled)
. If the verb ends in -e, then you only need to add -d(translate - translated)

For those who are especially picky and attentive, you can also add pronunciation features. For example, after voiceless consonants the ending is pronounced “t”, after voiced consonants - “d”, after vowels “id”.

Perhaps you have heard/invented/read/seen a method that allows you to reduce effort to a minimum and maximize the efficiency of memorizing irregular verbs, but for some reason we don’t know it yet. Share not only your smile, but also your cramming options to please each other with something interesting

Some words in English cover a wide range of meanings. One such example is the verb to come. In order to master all the variants of use and make it part of your active vocabulary, you need to study this topic in detail.

Basic meanings and forms of the verb come

Basic translation options: come, arrive, arrive, approach.

Example: What would you do if he came? (Come is a verb, which, unlike the word go, implies approaching towards the speaker, returning). Translation: What would you do if he came?

However, the range of meanings of this word is much wider. In order to understand the meaning of what is said, it is necessary to translate it taking into account the context. Here is a partial list of possible uses:

• Come, tell them all you know about him. - Well, tell them everything you know about him.
• Your book came in useful. - Your book came at just the right time.
• I want to come into play. - I want to start acting.
• A fear came over him. - He was overcome by fear.
• Come to my place the day after tomorrow. - Come to me the day after tomorrow.

Come (came, come) is an irregular verb, which means that the forms of its use do not obey the basic rule, and they simply need to be remembered.

Phrasal verb

In the English language, some verbs have one peculiarity: when combined with adverbs or prepositions, the main word changes its meaning. The resulting phrases are called phrasal verbs. They are quite common both in everyday speech and in literature.

Let's look at the verb in combination with prepositions.

Now let's find out what the phrasal verb come looks like in combination with adverbs.

To increase the likelihood of remembering new phrases, it is not enough to simply write them down and memorize them. New vocabulary should become part of your active vocabulary.

Usage examples

The best way to learn new words is to come up with several sentences with each of them and try to introduce new vocabulary into your writing and speaking.

• How did it come about that she went to live in China? - How did it happen that she went to live in China?
• I came across some old books. - I accidentally found several old books.
• Come along! They are waiting for us. - Hurry up! They are waiting for us.
• She will come back tomorrow. - She'll be back tomorrow.
• I had no idea what to do. But suddenly it came over me that I had to go here. - I didn't know what to do. But suddenly it occurred to me that I needed to go there.
• I was surprised that such a question came up at the meeting. - I was surprised that such a question became the subject of discussion at the meeting.
• Please, come round and see me. - Please come see me.
• I come for them at 12 o"clock. - I will come for them at 12 o'clock.

Set phrases

It is worth mentioning one more feature that is found in almost all languages. These are indivisible structures used unchanged. In some cases, understanding the meaning of a particular phrase can be quite difficult. For the most part, these are idioms and phraseological units that you just need to learn.

Come (came, come) is a verb that is part of many. Below are some of them:

• ~ it strong - exaggerate;
• ~ and go - walking back and forth;
• ~ what may - come what may;
• ~ a cropper - to crash;
• ~ unstuck - fail, get into trouble;
• ~ to pass - happen, happen;
• ~ true - come true, come true;
• ~ clean - confess, split;
• ~ rain or shine - under any circumstances, in any case.

When using similar phrases in your speech, remember that came is used (come is an irregular verb). For example: She wanted to pass an examination. Unfortunately, she came a cropper. "She wanted to pass the exam. Unfortunately, she failed."

In the past tense, the verb after any pronoun comes in the same form - with the ending - ed - or completely changes its shape. In the first case, we are dealing with regular verbs whose endings - ed . In the second case, we are faced with irregular verbs.

You cannot add to them - E.D. , because in the past tense these verbs change completely.

This is exactly what we are seeing with do. It's not in the past tense done (as it should be according to the rule), and did , because do is an irregular verb.

So how do you determine whether a verb is regular or not?

A little “female” logic will help us here: you just need to learn the table of irregular verbs and their translation. Those not on this list are correct. But the catch is that there are about 200 irregular verbs! And multiply this number by 3 (an irregular verb has 3 forms: one is the present tense, the second is the past tense, the third is the participle). However, the list of verbs necessary in everyday life is not so extensive - almost 2 times less. You need to know them first of all.

How to remember irregular verbs?

Repeat out loud 3 forms of each verb, so they are perfectly remembered - like a rhyme! Or print out a book to quickly memorize irregular verbs ().

Table of irregular verbs with translations

Table. Irregular verbs with translation